largest divisible subset

[pa-kh039]

Describe your change:

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[pa-kh039]

@tianyizheng02 @cclauss please review (PR for hacktoberfest 2023)

[cclauss]

When would someone want to use this algorithm?

[pa-kh039]

When would someone want to use this algorithm?

@cclauss
There are several possible use cases for this algorithm. To enlist a few:

1. When managing a portfolio of financial assets, you might want to find the largest subset of assets where each asset's price is a multiple of another, which can help with diversification and risk management.
2. In data analysis, you may encounter situations where you want to group data points into clusters based on some criteria, and this problem can be used to find the largest subset of data points that are related according to specific rules.

So, with some changes in it , this algorithm can be utilised at several places.

[pa-kh039]

@cclauss Did all the changes suggested by you and all the associated changes.

[pa-kh039]

@cclauss Would you like to suggest any more changes in the latest version?